टॉपिक 15 – प्रमुख विकास परियोजनाएँ

✅ Correct answer: (D) 📌 Analysis: The answer is 2017. 📘 Understand in depth: Bharatmala Phase-I (October 2017) – about 34,800 km of highways (24,800 km new + 10,000 km balance of NHDP); components – economic corridors, inter-corridors/feeder routes, national corridor efficiency improvement, border and international connectivity roads, coastal-port connectivity, greenfield expressways. Rajasthan – Amritsar-Jamnagar (Hanumangarh-Bikaner-Jodhpur-Barmer-Jalore), the Delhi-Mumbai Expressway (Sohna-Dausa stretch 12 February 2023), border roads (western border). Complements – PM Gati Shakti (2021), the Western DFC. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Total length of Bharatmala Phase-I? – ~34,800 km • PM Gati Shakti? – 2021 • Sohna-Dausa stretch of DME? – 12 February 2023

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Only four statements (1 to 4) are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Statement 5 is wrong – it is a Rajasthan-Madhya Pradesh project (with the Union Jal Shakti Ministry); MoU January 2024, tripartite Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) 5 December 2024. Water allocation: Rajasthan 4,102.60 MCM (drinking 1,744; industry 205.75; new irrigation 1,159.38; filling existing dams 615.43; groundwater recharge 108; for weak monsoons 270), Madhya Pradesh 3,120.09 MCM. 17 districts: Jhalawar, Baran, Kota, Bundi, Tonk, Sawai Madhopur, Dausa, Karauli, Dholpur, Bharatpur, Deeg, Alwar, Khairthal-Tijara, Kotputli-Behror, Jaipur, Ajmer, Beawar. Source sub-basins – Kalisindh, Parbati, Mej, Chakan; deficit ones – Banas, Gambhiri, Banganga, Parbati. A 2.3 km aqueduct over the Chambal (Piplda Samel in Kota – Guhata in Bundi; ~₹2,330 crore; from May 2025, target June 2028). ERCP DPR – November 2017; in December 2022 the special committee on river linking made it a priority project. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Water allotted to Rajasthan? – 4,102.60 MCM • Tripartite MoA? – 5 December 2024 • Between which villages is the Chambal aqueduct? – Piplda Samel (Kota) – Guhata (Bundi)

✅ Correct answer: (D) 📌 Analysis: All three statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: HRRL – Pachpadra (Balotra district); original cost ₹43,129 crore → revised ₹79,459 crore (CCEA, April 2026; extra HPCL equity ₹8,962 crore). Foundation – 2013 (UPA-2), again 2018 (Prime Minister, project revived in 2017). Commercial operations from 22 June 2026; dedicated to the nation by the Prime Minister in July 2026. Products: polypropylene 1 MMTPA, LLDPE 0.5, HDPE 0.5, benzene-toluene-butadiene ~0.4 MMTPA; petrol 1 and diesel 4 MMTPA; petrochemicals over 26% of the product slate. Nelson Complexity Index 17 (world average 8-10). Crude – Barmer basin (Mangala etc.) and imports. Related – prospects of a Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment Region (PCPIR), downstream plastics industry. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Original cost of HRRL? – ₹43,129 crore • Nelson Complexity Index of HRRL? – 17 • Pachpadra is in which district? – Balotra

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Both statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Project – Banswara district; estimated investment about ₹42,000 crore (media; other sources ~₹50,000 crore); 700 MW IPHWRs in 'fleet mode'. In April 2026 the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) allowed excavation. The state's existing nuclear plant – Rawatbhata (RAPP, Chittorgarh) – India's second nuclear power station (first unit 1973, with Canadian help); RAPP-7 (700 MW) in commercial operation in 2025. The state's nuclear share in central allocation was 806.74 MW by December 2025 (up from 456.74). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Rawatbhata plant is in which district? – Chittorgarh • NPCIL's share in ASHVINI? – 51% • Body that permitted excavation? – AERB

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Both statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Background – the 1994 Upper Yamuna water-sharing agreement fixed Rajasthan's share, but with no structure to carry the water there was a dispute/stalemate for about three decades. Project cost ~₹34,102 crore (June 2026); benefit – Shekhawati (Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Churu) – about 75 lakh people per the State Water Plan 2047; use of surplus monsoon-season (July-October) water. Other inter-state waters for Rajasthan – Ravi-Beas (Indira Gandhi Canal), Narmada (Jalore-Barmer), Chambal (with Madhya Pradesh). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Yamuna water-sharing agreement? – 1994 • Source barrage for Yamuna water? – Hathnikund • Hansiawas reservoir is in which district? – Churu

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. 📘 Understand in depth: The water route runs east to west – Kalisindh (Navnera) → Mej → Bisalpur/Isarda (Banas basin); the Chambal lies across this route, so an aqueduct is needed to take the canal over the Chambal – R is the reason for A. Aqueduct: from Piplda Samel in Kota to Guhata in Bundi, about 2,280 metres, three-storey, also usable as a road; cost ~₹2,330 crore; construction from May 2025, target June 2028. Designed to cross without disturbing river ecology. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Target for the aqueduct? – June 2028 • Bisalpur dam is on which river? – Banas • Other use of the aqueduct? – Road

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Both statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: DMIC – with Japan's cooperation (2007 MoU); an influence zone of 150 km on each side of the Western DFC (Dadri-JNPT); investment regions in Rajasthan – Khushkhera-Bhiwadi-Neemrana (KBNIR), Jodhpur-Pali-Marwar; Japanese investment zones – Neemrana and Ghiloth. The August 2024 approval – 12 projects, about ₹28,602 crore, in 10 states. A large part of the Western DFC runs through Rajasthan (Rewari-Phulera-Marwar-Palanpur route). Benefits – lower logistics costs, exports, manufacturing clusters; complements the state's Logistics Policy 2025. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Which country cooperates in DMIC? – Japan • Rajasthan's DMIC investment region? – Khushkhera-Bhiwadi-Neemrana • Industrial smart cities approved in August 2024? – 12

✅ Correct answer: (D) 📌 Analysis: Correct match: Chambal – 50:50; Mahi – 45%; Bhakra – 15.22%; Narmada – 0.50 MAF. 📘 Understand in depth: Chambal project – three stages: Gandhi Sagar (Madhya Pradesh, 1960), Rana Pratap Sagar (Rawatbhata, 1970), Jawahar Sagar (Kota-Bundi, 1972) plus the Kota barrage (1960); irrigation and hydropower. Mahi Bajaj Sagar (Banswara) – irrigation and 140 MW power in the tribal area; water also reaches Gujarat's Kadana dam. Bhakra-Nangal (Sutlej, Punjab-Himachal) – Rajasthan gets a share of power and water (Bhakra Beas Management Board). Narmada canal (water since 2008) – Jalore and Barmer (Sanchore area); the state's first project where sprinkler irrigation is compulsory. State Water Plan 2047 – plan to take Narmada water to Raniwara-Bhinmal. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • First dam of the Chambal project? – Gandhi Sagar (Madhya Pradesh) • Project where sprinkler irrigation is compulsory? – Narmada canal • Board managing the Bhakra project? – BBMB

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Both statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Bhadla – developed in four phases by RRECL, the Centre (SECI/MNRE solar park scheme) and private developers; very high solar radiation, barren land. Other solar parks – Nokh (Jaisalmer), Pugal (Bikaner), Fatehgarh (Jaisalmer); Budget 2026-27 – 4,830 MW solar parks at Bikaner and Jaisalmer. Mangala – discovered by Cairn (now Vedanta) in 2004, production from August 2009; Bhagyam and Aishwariya are other fields; the crude of the Barmer-Sanchore basin is the base of the Pachpadra refinery (HRRL). Natural gas – Jaisalmer basin (Ramgarh, Tanot – gas-based Ramgarh power station). Lignite – Barmer (Giral, Kapurdi-Jalipa), Bikaner (Palana, Barsingsar). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Production at Mangala began? – 2009 • Lignite area of Bikaner? – Palana/Barsingsar • District of the Ramgarh gas power station? – Jaisalmer

✅ Correct answer: (B) 📌 Analysis: Only statements 2 and 3 are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Statement 1 is wrong – the Aapni Yojana gives drinking water from the Indira Gandhi Canal to Hanumangarh, Churu and Jhunjhunu districts with German (KfW) aid (first phase around 1994). Rajiv Gandhi Lift Canal (formerly the Jodhpur Lift Canal) – lifts water from IGNP near Mohangarh to Jodhpur. Bisalpur – on the Banas in Tonk district; the lifeline of Jaipur-Ajmer; extra water to Bisalpur through Ramjal Setu and diversion of Brahmani river water are proposed. Others – Chambal-Bhilwara, Pokaran-Phalsund, Jawai (Pali), Devas III-IV (Udaipur, ₹1,691 crore). Rural – Jal Jeevan Mission (to 2028). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Aapni Yojana is aided by which country? – Germany (KfW) • Bisalpur dam is on which river? – Banas • Who benefits from the Rajiv Gandhi Lift Canal? – Jodhpur

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: The answer is 22 June 2026. 📘 Understand in depth: The scheduled commercial operation date (SCOD) was 1 July 2026; HPCL declared commercial operations a few days early, on 22 June 2026. The inauguration was planned for April 2026 but postponed after a fire on 20 April; in July 2026 the Prime Minister dedicated it to the nation – India's first greenfield refinery in about a decade. About 25,000 workers were deployed during construction. Revised cost ₹79,459 crore (original ₹43,129 crore); HPCL 74 : state 26. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • SCOD of HRRL? – 1 July 2026 • State government equity in HRRL? – 26% • Revised cost of HRRL? – ₹79,459 crore

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. 📘 Understand in depth: Efficient micro-irrigation was made compulsory precisely because of the limited allocation and high seepage of sandy soils – so R is the reason for A. The Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (1979) allotted Rajasthan 0.50 MAF; canal from Sardar Sarovar (Gujarat); about 74 km of main canal in Rajasthan, Sanchore area (Jalore and Barmer). Micro-irrigation incentive – PMKSY 'Per Drop More Crop' (drip/sprinkler subsidy). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Narmada tribunal award? – 1979 • Narmada water comes from which dam? – Sardar Sarovar • Central micro-irrigation scheme? – PMKSY – Per Drop More Crop

✅ Correct answer: (B) 📌 Analysis: Only statement II is correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Statement I is wrong – the agreement of 12 May 1994 was among five basin states (Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Delhi) for sharing Yamuna surface water up to Okhla; the Upper Yamuna River Board (UYRB) was set up. Rajasthan's water could only come via Haryana from Tajewala/Hathnikund – hence the February 2024 MoU and the final pact of June 2026: 577 MCM, 295.5 km underground pipeline, Hansiawas (Churu) reservoir, cost ~₹34,102 crore; benefit – Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Churu (Shekhawati). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Date of the 1994 agreement? – 12 May 1994 • Board set up by the 1994 agreement? – Upper Yamuna River Board • Destination reservoir of the Yamuna pipeline? – Hansiawas (Churu)

✅ Correct answer: (B) 📌 Analysis: Correct match: Navnera – Kota; Isarda – Sawai Madhopur; Bisalpur – Tonk; Jawai – Pali. 📘 Understand in depth: Under the Ramjal Setu Link Project – storage has begun at the Navnera barrage (Kota, Kalisindh river) and at the Isarda dam (Sawai Madhopur, Banas; on the Tonk border) – for drinking water to the Dausa and Sawai Madhopur area; Bisalpur (Tonk) – drinking water for Jaipur-Ajmer-Tonk; Jawai (Pali) – 'Amrit Sarovar of Marwar', Pali-Jodhpur area. Per the Chief Minister, sanctions have been issued for Bandh Baretha (Bharatpur) and the Brahmani barrage (Chittorgarh). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • 'Amrit Sarovar of Marwar'? – Jawai dam • Bandh Baretha is in which district? – Bharatpur • Brahmani barrage is in which district? – Chittorgarh

✅ Correct answer: (D) 📌 Analysis: Neither I nor II is correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Statement I is wrong – the first stretch was Sohna (Haryana)-Dausa (Rajasthan), dedicated by the Prime Minister from Dausa on 12 February 2023. Statement II is wrong – it is NHAI's roughly 1,350-1,386 km, 8-lane (expandable to 12) expressway under Bharatmala Phase-I; in Rajasthan it runs through eastern districts such as Alwar, Dausa, Sawai Madhopur and Kota. Benefits – Delhi-Mumbai travel time ~24 to ~12 hours, industrial-logistics growth with DMIC/the Western DFC, tourism at Kota-Sawai Madhopur. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Where was DME's first stretch dedicated? – Dausa • DME is under which project? – Bharatmala Phase-I • Number of lanes of DME? – 8 (expandable to 12)

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Only statements 1 and 3 are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Statement 2 is wrong – ₹200 crore for conserving Shekhawati havelis (over 660 havelis identified). Shekhawati (Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Churu) – an 'open-air art gallery' of fresco havelis (Nawalgarh, Mandawa, Fatehpur, Ramgarh Shekhawati). Khuri – sand dunes, desert camps. The Tourism Policy 2025 has the concept of Special Tourism Zones, the Braj-Dwarka pilgrimage route and the Krishna Gaman Path. Other budget announcements – RSTA, 14 new Rajasthan Foundation chapters, the RAJ-SETU urban infrastructure fund. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Provision for Shekhawati haveli conservation? – ₹200 crore • Districts of Shekhawati? – Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Churu • Khuri is in which district? – Jaisalmer

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Both statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Event – 'Ek Varsh-Parinaam Utkarsh' (Jaipur); energy, road, rail and water projects. Naming – on 22 January 2025 the Chief Minister named PKC-ERCP the 'Ramjal Setu Link Project'. Background – ERCP's original DPR November 2017 (state-level Eastern Rajasthan Canal Project); modified PKC-ERCP after the MP-Rajasthan water dispute; December 2022 – the special committee on river linking made it a priority project; January 2024 – MoU; 5 December 2024 – tripartite MoA. The Centre will fund it as a national river-linking project. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Original DPR of ERCP? – November 2017 • Naming as Ramjal Setu? – 22 January 2025 • Tripartite MoA? – 5 December 2024

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. 📘 Understand in depth: It is because it is an inter-state water transfer with both states' consent (MoA) that it came within the National River Linking programme (National Perspective Plan 1980) and became eligible for central aid – so R explains A. The funding share will be set by the PIB/Cabinet; final cost after the Central Water Commission's technical approval. India's first river-linking project – Ken-Betwa (Madhya Pradesh-Uttar Pradesh; 90:10 Centre-state). National Water Development Agency (NWDA) – nodal agency for river linking. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Nodal agency for river linking? – NWDA • India's first river-linking project? – Ken-Betwa • National Perspective Plan? – 1980

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: The answer is about ₹1.22 lakh crore. 📘 Understand in depth: Banswara event – energy (Mahi-Banswara Rajasthan Atomic Power Project – 4×700 MW, ASHVINI: NPCIL 51% + NTPC 49%; solar and transmission projects), water, road and rail projects; three Vande Bharat trains flagged off. Other options: ₹46,300 crore – 17 December 2024 (Jaipur, 24 projects including ERCP); ₹35 lakh crore – Rising Rajasthan MoUs; ₹79,459 crore – revised cost of HRRL Pachpadra. Banswara – 'city of a hundred islands', Mahi river, tribal-majority; the nuclear project brings investment and jobs to southern Rajasthan. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Banswara's nickname? – City of a hundred islands • NTPC's share in ASHVINI? – 49% • Projects of 17 December 2024? – ₹46,300 crore (24)

✅ Correct answer: (D) 📌 Analysis: The answer is 1,744 MCM. 📘 Understand in depth: Rajasthan's allocation (4,102.60 MCM): drinking water 1,744; new irrigation 1,159.38; filling existing dams 615.43; drinking water in weak monsoons and other works 270; industry 205.75; groundwater recharge 108 (including 522.80 MCM of recycled water). Madhya Pradesh – 3,120.09 MCM. Meaning – drinking water is the project's largest component, for the growing urban-rural demand of 17 districts of eastern Rajasthan (Jaipur, Ajmer, Alwar, Kota etc.). MCM = million cubic metres (1 MCM = 10 lakh cubic metres). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Madhya Pradesh's water under Ramjal Setu? – 3,120.09 MCM • Allocation for industry? – 205.75 MCM • Share of recycled water? – 522.80 MCM

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Both statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Western DFC – about 1,500 km from Dadri (Uttar Pradesh) to JNPT (Mumbai); a large part runs through Rajasthan (Rewari-Ateli-Phulera-Madar-Marwar-Palanpur route); implemented by DFCCIL; loans from Japan (JICA). Rewari-Madar section (~306 km) – the world's first electrified (high-rise pantograph) double-stack long-haul container train ran here. Benefits – less congestion on passenger lines, lower logistics costs, port connectivity for DMIC industrial nodes (Khushkhera-Bhiwadi-Neemrana, Jodhpur-Pali-Marwar); complements the state's Logistics Policy 2025. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • DFC implementing agency? – DFCCIL • Lender for the Western DFC? – JICA (Japan) • Length of the Rewari-Madar section about? – 306 km

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: Correct match: IIT Jodhpur – 2008; Central University – 2009; IIM Udaipur – 2011; AIIMS Jodhpur – 2012. 📘 Understand in depth: IIT Jodhpur (2008, first mentored by IIT Kanpur; permanent campus at Karwar). Central University of Rajasthan (2009, Central Universities Act 2009; Bandarsindri, Ajmer). IIM Udaipur (2011). AIIMS Jodhpur (2012, among 6 new AIIMS under the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana – PMSSY). Others – IIIT Kota, NIFT Jodhpur, MNIT Jaipur (NIT status 2002), BITS Pilani (deemed). Economic context – a 'knowledge economy', high-skill human resources, a startup-research ecosystem. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • AIIMS Jodhpur came under which scheme? – PMSSY • When did MNIT get NIT status? – 2002 • Permanent campus of IIT Jodhpur? – Karwar

✅ Correct answer: (D) 📌 Analysis: All three statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Chambal riverfront – ghats, gardens and heritage-theme structures on both banks; tourism and urban renewal. Hanging bridge (dedicated 2017) – a cable-stayed bridge over the Chambal on the Kota bypass (national highway), diverting heavy traffic from the city. Kota greenfield airport – a first-phase commitment of the Rajasthan Civil Aviation Policy 2024; with AAI. Kota – an education (coaching) hub, 'Shiksha Nagri'; the state's most urbanised district (2011 – 60.31%); the Kota barrage on the Chambal and the Ramjal Setu aqueduct (Piplda Samel). 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • The state's most urbanised district? – Kota • Kota airport is under which policy? – Civil Aviation Policy 2024 • When was the hanging bridge dedicated? – 2017

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. 📘 Understand in depth: Nearness to NCR, DMIC/NH-48 connectivity and the RIICO-JETRO agreement (2006) produced the dedicated 'Japanese Zone' – so R is the reason for A; the second Japanese zone – Ghiloth. Main units – automobile/auto parts, electronics. RIICO (Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment Corporation) – develops industrial areas. Bhiwadi – the state's major industrial town (part of NCR). Kotputli-Behror – among the new districts formed in 2023. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Second Japanese investment zone? – Ghiloth • Agreement behind the Japanese zone? – RIICO-JETRO • Present district of Neemrana? – Kotputli-Behror

✅ Correct answer: (B) 📌 Analysis: Correct match: Bhadla – Phalodi; HRRL – Balotra; Mahi nuclear – Banswara; RAPP – Chittorgarh. 📘 Understand in depth: After the 2023 district reorganisation – Bhadla (formerly Jodhpur) is now in Phalodi; Pachpadra (formerly Barmer) is now in Balotra. Bhadla – ~2,245 MW; HRRL – 9 MMTPA, ₹79,459 crore, commercial operation 22 June 2026; Mahi-Banswara – 4×700 MW PHWR (ASHVINI: NPCIL 51%, NTPC 49%), foundation 25 September 2025; RAPP – India's second nuclear power station (first unit 1973), RAPP-7 (700 MW) commercial in 2025. Energy mix – installed capacity 31,556 MW in December 2025, wind-solar ~45%. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Bhadla was earlier in which district? – Jodhpur • Pachpadra was earlier in which district? – Barmer • First unit of RAPP? – 1973

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Both statements are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Gang Canal (26 October 1927) – among India's oldest canal-irrigation projects; key to making Sri Ganganagar 'the granary of Rajasthan' (wheat, cotton, mustard, kinnow). Modernisation – per the Chief Minister, ₹1,717 crore for the Gang Canal system; ₹4,731 crore for Indira Gandhi Canal development. Other canals – Bhakra canal (Hanumangarh), Indira Gandhi Canal (Harike barrage), Sidhmukh-Nohar (Hanumangarh-Churu). Challenges – waterlogging, salinity, worn-out canal lining. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Opening of the Gang Canal? – 26 October 1927 • 'Granary of Rajasthan'? – Sri Ganganagar • Amount for Gang Canal modernisation (claim)? – ₹1,717 crore

✅ Correct answer: (D) 📌 Analysis: All five are included. 📘 Understand in depth: Budget 2026-27 (11 February 2026) – 'ten pillars'; key infrastructure: energy ₹42,752 crore; urban development ₹20,184 crore (+58%); transport ₹16,639 crore; rural development ₹32,948 crore; mini-secretariats in 8 new districts, buildings for 94 new panchayat samitis, basic works in 3,467 gram panchayats (₹3,000 crore). Atal Pragati Path – cement-concrete upgrading of main roads in villages/towns. Tourism – Shekhawati havelis (₹200 crore), Thar cultural circuit. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Transport allocation in Budget 2026-27? – ₹16,639 crore • Buildings for new panchayat samitis? – 94 • Number of Atal Pragati Paths? – 250

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. 📘 Understand in depth: Heritage protection is the reason for the underground option – R explains A. Phase-1B (2.4 km, 2020) – Chhoti Chaupar and Badi Chaupar stations; heritage-style architecture at stations. Jaipur walled city – UNESCO World Heritage (2019, Baku). Phase-1A (Mansarovar-Chandpole, 9.6 km, 3 June 2015) – mostly elevated. Proposed Phase-2 – North-South corridor. Urban transport cuts congestion and pollution; Vision 2047 expands public transport. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Length of Phase-1B? – 2.4 km • Jaipur walled city World Heritage? – 2019 • Stations of Phase-1B? – Chhoti Chaupar, Badi Chaupar

✅ Correct answer: (C) 📌 Analysis: Only statements 1 and 3 are correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Statement 2 is wrong – Bhadla was developed in four phases: by the state (RRECL/RSDCL), state-private joint ventures (separately with IL&FS and Adani) and under the Centre's solar-park scheme. The solar-park idea – 'plug-and-play' land, transmission, water and roads for developers. Budget 2026-27 – new 4,830 MW solar parks at Bikaner and Jaisalmer; Integrated Clean Energy Policy 2024 – 90 GW solar target by 2030. Challenges – transmission capacity, godawan habitat. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Year of the solar-park scheme? – December 2014 • In how many phases was Bhadla built? – 4 • Solar target of ICEP 2024? – 90 GW (2030)

✅ Correct answer: (A) 📌 Analysis: Only statement I is correct. 📘 Understand in depth: Statement II is wrong – the plan talks of strengthening the Indira Gandhi Canal, not closing it. Other components – Ramjal Setu (17 districts), Yamuna water (1,917 cusecs, 295 km pipeline, Shekhawati), Devas III-IV (₹1,691 crore, Udaipur), ₹5,100 crore under AMRUT 2.0 for 178 ULBs, 15 lakh+ rural connections under JJM, works of ₹485 crore under Atal Bhujal. Raniwara-Bhinmal (Jalore/Sanchore area) – fluoride and saline groundwater problems. 🎯 Other questions that can be framed from this: • Forum where the plan was unveiled? – Rajasthan Water Conclave • Cost of Devas III-IV? – ₹1,691 crore • ULBs covered under AMRUT 2.0? – 178